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伊議会解散、4月総選挙へ 右派と左派が10年ぶり対決
2006年02月11日23時41分 朝日 イタリアのチャンピ大統領は11日、議会解散令に署名、上下両院を解散した。これを受けて、政府は総選挙の日程を4月9、10日と正式に決めた。ベルルスコーニ首相(69)率いる与党の中道右派連合と、プロディ元首相(66)率いる野党の中道左派連合との全面対決となる。中道左派が5年ぶりの政権交代を実現させるか、中道右派が01年に続いて再び勝利するかが焦点だ。 長引く景気低迷やイラク政策などで、ベルルスコーニ政権に対する国民の不満は高まっている。世論調査では、今のところ野党が5ポイントほどリードしている。 ベルルスコーニ首相は解散前からテレビやラジオに次々と出演し、劣勢の巻き返しに躍起だ。10日もトリノ冬季五輪開会式への出席を見合わせ、同夜のテレビ討論番組に出演した。 議会は昨年末、選挙制度改革法案を可決。小選挙区制と比例代表制を組み合わせた制度が変わり、今度の総選挙は完全な比例代表制のもとで行われる。選挙制度の変更は、与党に有利に働くとみられている。 Italy Schedules Elections for Early April Saturday February 11, 2006 1:16 PM By ALESSANDRA RIZZO Associated Press Writer ROME (AP) - Italy dissolved its parliament on Saturday and scheduled elections for early April, opening a campaign that pits Premier Silvio Berluconi against a strong center-left opponent. The government set the date during a Cabinet meeting minutes after the Italian president signed a decree that dissolved parliament, ending a five-year legislature. The election date had been agreed upon in previous weeks between Berlusconi and the president, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi. Opposition leaders had also signed off on the date. Parliament ended two weeks later than originally planned, after Berlusconi negotiated a delay that allowed his government to rush through a flurry of last-minute legislation. It also allowed the premier to keep up a barrage of TV and radio appearances, which will be limited during official campaigning because of rules aimed at giving competing coalitions equal air time. ``I'll be able to rest a bit,'' Berlusconi said, speaking on a talk show late Friday. Despite the media blitz, opinion polls have consistently indicated that the center-left bloc headed by Romano Prodi, a former premier and former European Commission president, is leading the race by some five percentage points. Berlusconi, a key ally of President Bush in the Iraq war, has expressed confidence that his media campaign will bear fruit, saying his own pollsters indicate the two blocs are virtually level. ``I have absolutely no doubt over the fact that I will govern for another five years,'' he said Friday on the sidelines of a conference in Rome. Among the measures approved in the final parliamentary sessions were funding for the Winter Olympics, which opened Friday in Turin, and for Italy's dwindling contingent in Iraq, where some 2,600 Italian troops are currently posted. Berlusconi, a key ally of President Bush who was elected in 2001, has been plagued by legal troubles surrounding his Milan-based business empire since he entered politics. He has contended he is the victim of a campaign by left-leaning magistrates. Center-left parties - which range from centrist moderates to communists and secular radicals - are divided over proposals for a quick pullout from Iraq and granting legal rights to same-sex couples. Italy's parliament dissolved for April elections Sat Feb 11, 2006 8:32 PM IST By Philip Pullella ROME (Reuters) - Italy's parliament was dissolved on Saturday, opening the way for April general elections which opinion polls say the centre-right coalition of Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi looks set to lose. President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi signed a decree ending the current legislature after receiving parliament's speakers, raising the curtain on five stormy months for Italian politics. After the election there will be nationwide mayoral ballots and a referendum on plans to reform the constitution. The new parliament will also have to choose a successor to Ciampi, whose mandate expires in May. In the past few months political leaders have made sometimes vitriolic attacks on each other, and Ciampi appealed to politicians to try to keep the campaign fair and respectful and to keep the problems of the nation in sight. The centre-left has accused Berlusconi of monopolising the airwaves unfairly as he appeared on almost every television and radio chat show since the New Year to talk up his achievements. Latest opinion polls put the centre-left opposition, led by former European Commission President Romano Prodi, some five percentage points ahead of Berlusconi's coalition. Hours after parliament was dissolved, Prodi presented the centre-left programme to a packed theatre in Rome and said Italy needed "radical reforms" to make its economy more competitive. The economy grew at an average rate of just 0.8 percent per year under Berlusconi, near the bottom of the 12 nations in the euro zone and less than half the rate in the previous five years under the centre left. Industrial output has also fallen in each of the last five years, and Italy's once export-led economy posted trade deficits in 2004 and 2005 for the first time since 1992. Berlusconi shot back, saying Prodi, who is a former prime minister, was "inadequate" to lead Italy. Prodi's alliance, ranging from hardline Communist parties to centrist Roman Catholic groups, has struggled to agree a platform, revealing divisions over everything from the Iraq war to same-sex unions and transport. Berlusconi has managed to trim the opposition lead in opinion polls in recent weeks. Berlusconi swept to power in 2001, securing the largest parliamentary majority in post-war Italy, but infighting among his centre-right partners has dulled the government's image. Despite the feuding, Berlusconi managed to stay prime minister throughout the legislature, only the third person in post-war Italy to accomplish this feat. He has blamed the country's problems on international events beyond his control, like the Sept. 11 attacks, but critics say he let Italy decline while his own businesses prospered. (Additional reporting by Crispian Balmer) The Financial Times Italy’s centre-left question Prodi’s leadership skills >By Tony Barber in Rome >Published: February 9 2006 16:43 | Last updated: February 9 2006 16:43 >> The unity of Italy’s often bickering centre-left opposition parties will be tested from Friday when they launch their campaign to dethrone Silvio Berlusconi, prime minister, in the April 9 general election. In a 274-page document considered too stodgy even by some centre-left strategists, the opposition, led by Romano Prodi, the former European Commission president, recently set out a draft programme for government. It included promises to inject more competition into Italy’s rigid economy, simplify bureaucracy and gradually reduce the budget deficit – ideas to which Mr Prodi this week added an eye-catching pledge to cut Italian unit labour costs by no less than 5 percentage points, or about €10bn ($11.9bn). But the programme, which centre-left leaders aim to approve this weekend, cannot conceal persistent divisions over issues ranging from same-sex civil unions and education to the environment and Italy’s military presence in Iraq. These disputes, and Mr Prodi’s inability to settle them, are causing some centre-left activists to question whether he would last more than a year or two as prime minister if the opposition were to win the election. “It is the great unspoken secret,” says one strategist. “We haven’t even won yet, but already some people are thinking about a post-Prodi government of the centre-left.” Such speculation may not be so foolhardy. As a technocrat who belongs to no political party, Mr Prodi is in the same precarious position he occupied as premier from April 1996 to October 1998. His government was eventually toppled in a parliamentary revolt orchestrated by Fausto Bertinotti, leader of Italy’s hardline Communist Refoundation party, and exploited by Massimo D’Alema, a centre-left rival who took the premiership. To minimise the risk of similar future treachery, Mr Prodi staged US-style primary elections last October to pick the centre-left’s candidate for the premiership. He trounced all other contenders, winning 75 per cent of more than 4m votes cast. At present, he seems well-placed in the battle against Mr Berlusconi: an opinion poll published by the Ekma research institute on Tuesday gave the centre-left a 52.5 to 46.5 per cent lead over the centre-right government. But the same poll suggested that Mr Berlusconi’s Forza Italia party – humiliated by crushing defeats in regional elections last April – was regaining strength, accounting for half the centre-right’s overall support. The narrower the margin between centre-right and centre-left, the greater the risk of a hung parliament in which neither camp controls both legislative chambers and neither can implement serious economic reforms. One frustration for Mr Prodi is that his efforts to woo undecided voters – the 10 per cent or so of the electorate who, some pollsters say, will determine the election’s outcome – are frequently disrupted by his nominal allies on the far left. This week the trouble has involved environmentalists and other demonstrators protesting against plans to build a high-speed Alpine rail link between Turin in northern Italy and the French city of Lyon. “Certain demonstrations must be stopped,” said Mr Prodi, conscious that the protests might damage Italy’s image during the 2006 Turin Winter Olympic games, which start today. Francesco Rutelli, leader of the moderate centre-left Margherita party, went further, denouncing “extremist infantile behaviour of the left which must be isolated”. Another dispute unsettling the centre-left involves same-sex unions, where the opposition’s Catholic wing – including Mr Prodi – takes a cautious stance, at odds with the radical secularism of other activists who want full legal recognition for gay couples. On economic policy, many of Mr Bertinotti’s communist chieftains explicitly reject the Prodi rhetoric of market liberalisation. Mr Berlusconi’s strategists are quick to seize on such differences, saying a Prodi government would be at best incoherent in its strategy and at worst a puppet of more extremist forces. “The inadequacy of the centre-left’s leadership is being dramatically exposed,” says Fabrizio Cicchitto, Forza Italia’s deputy national co-ordinator.
by alfayoko2005
| 2006-02-12 00:25
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